Associate Professor Sandra Hale
Biography
Sandra Hale was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. She completed her education both in Argentina and Australia. Her interest in languages led her to obtain qualifications in interpreting and translation as well as language teaching. She has extensive experience as a Spanish-English community and conference interpreter and translator. She commenced her employment at UWS in 1990. She was head of the Intepreting and Translation Program from 1994 to 2004. She designed and coordinated undergraduate and post graduate Interpreting and Translation courses and units. She's currently the leader of the College of Arts' Interpreting and Translation Research Group. She's frequently invited to speak at international conferences as plenary speaker. She has designed and conducted numerous training courses for practising interpreters, lawyers, tribunal members, magistrates and judges on court interpreting issues. Among other projects, she was principally involved in the design and training of the language volunteers for the Sydney 2000 Olympics, and the Attorney General's funded Interpreters and the Law course for court interpreters. She recently chaired the Critical Link 5 international congress on community interpreting.
Sandra is happily married and the proud mother of three beautiful children.
Qualifications
PhD, MAppLing Macq, DipEd, BA(Int&Tran) UWSM, NAATI III NAATI
Publications
REFEREED BOOKS
Community Interpreting
Hale, S. (2007).
Community Interpreting.
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
The Discourse of Court Interpreting. Discourse Practices of the Law, the Witness and the Interpreter
Hale, S. (2004).
Amsterdam/Philadelphia:
John Benjamins.
Unlocking Australia's Language Potential. Profiles of Nine Key Languages in Australia. Volume 9: Spanish.
Valverde, E., Hale, S. & Ramirez, E. (1994).
Canberra: NLLIA.
EDITED VOLUMES
The Critical Link 5
Quality in interpreting – a shared responsibility.
Hale, S., Ozolins, U., Stern L. (2009).
John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Interpreting in Legal Settings.
Russell, D. & S. Hale (eds.). (2009).
Washington DC:
Gallaudet University Press.
Forensic Linguistics. The international Journal of Speech, Language and the Law.
Cook,M.; D.Eades & S. Hale (eds.) (1999).
Special Issue on Legal Interpreting.
Vol.6 (1), 1999.
Campbell, S. & Hale, S. (Eds) (1997) Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Macarthur Interpreting and Translation Conference "Research, Training and Practice" Milperra: UWS Macarthur/LARC.
REFEREED BOOK CHAPTERS
Malcolm Coulthard & Alison Johnson. The Routledge Handbook of Forensic Linguistics
Hale S. (2010). The Need To Raise The Bar: Court Interpreters As Specialized Experts
Abingdon and New York, pp 440-454
Valero-Garcés, Carmen and Anne Martin. Crossing Borders in Community Interpreting
Hale, S. (2008).
Controversies over the role of the court interpreter
John Benjamins Publishing company, Amsterdam, pp 99-121
House, J., Martin Ruano, M.R. & Baumgarten, N.(eds).Translation and the Construction of Identity.
Hale, S. (2005).
The Interpreter’s Identity Crisis.
Manchester: St Jerome, pp.14-29.
Turrell,M. (ed). Lingüística Forense, lengua y Derecho: Conceptos, Métodos y Aplicaciones.
Hale, S. (2005).
Los intérpretes y su influencia en la evaluación del carácter de los testigos en el sistema acusatorio. Barcelona: Publicaciones de I’IULA.
G.Anderman & M. Rogers (eds). Translation Today. Trends and Perspectives.
Campbell, S. & Hale, S. (2003).
Translation & Interpreting Assessment in the Context of Educational Measurement. (pp.205-224) Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
I.Mason (ed). Triadic Exchanges. Studies in Dialogue Interpreting.
Hale, S. (2001).
How are Courtroom Questions Interpreted? An Analysis of Spanish Interpreters’ Practices.
(pp.21-50). Manchester: St. Jerome.
REFEREED JOURNAL ARTICLES
Friedman-Rhodes E, Hale S. (2010). Teaching medical students to work with interpreters, The journal of specialised translation, vol July, no. 14, pp 121-144
Hale, S. (2007) 'The challenges of court interpreting: intricacies, responsibilities and ramifications', Alternative Law Journal, vol.32, no.4, pp 198-202
Hale, S. (2006) 'Themes and methodological issues in Court Interpreting research', Linguistica Antverpiensia, vol.5, no., pp 205-228
Hale, S. (2002). How faithfully do Court Interpreters render the style of non-English speaking witnesses’s testimonies? A data based study of Spanish-English bilingual proceedings.Discourse Studies 4(1).pp 25-47.
Hale, S. & Campbell, S. (2002). The interaction between text difficulty and translation accuracy. Babel Vol48 No.1/2002 (14-33).
Hale, S. (1999) The interpreter’s treatment of discourse markers in courtroom questions. Forensic Linguistics. The international journal of speech, language and the law. 6 (1). pp 57-82.
Cook, M., Eades, D. & Hale, S. (1999). Introduction. Forensic Linguistics 6(1): 1-5.
Hale, S. & J. Gibbons (1999) Varying realities: Patterned changes in the interpreter’s representation of courtroom and external realities. Applied Linguistics 20/1 pp 203-220.
Hale, S. (1998) El intérprete, ¿garantiza la igualdad ante la Ley? El caso de Australia. RASAL. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística 1:1998, pp. 7-17.
Hale, S. (1997) "Clash of World Perspectives: the discursive practices of the law, the witness and the interpreter" Forensic Linguistics. The international journal of speech, language and the law, vol.4, no 2 pp 197-209.
Hale, S. (1997) "The treatment of Register Variation in Court Interpreting" The Translator, Vol. 3, Number 1 (1997) pp 39-54.
Hale, S. (1996) "Pragmatic considerations in court interpreting " Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 19,1 (1996). pp 61-72.
REFEREED BOOK REVIEWS
Hale, S. (2001). Review article on “Trasvases culturales: literature, cine, traducción. Translatio XX (2001) 3-4. pp 255-273.
REFEREED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
Hale, S. (2003). "Excuse me, the interpreter wants to speak" - Interpreter interruptions in the courtroom: why do interpreters interrupt and what are the consequences?. Proceedings of the third Critical Link Conference, Montreal, May 2001. http://www.criticallink.org/
Hale, S. (1999). La inmigración y los servicios de intérpretes en Australia Refereed Proceedings of the Memories of Migration - The Spanish experience in Australia conference, 4&5 September 1998, UWS Macarthur, Sydney.125-130.
Campbell, Stuart & Sandra Hale (1999) What makes a text difficult to translate? Refereed Proceedings of the 23rd Annual ALAA Congress. (19 April 1999).
Hale, S. (1997) "The Interpreter on Trial. Pragmatics in court interpreting." First International Conference on Interpreting in Legal, Health and Social Service Settings. "The Critical Link: Interpreters in the Community", Orillia, Ontario, Canada. 1-4/4/95. Conference proceedings. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co. pp.201 - 211.
NON-REFEREED JOURNALS AND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
Hale, S. (2003). Some questions answered about court interpreting. The Critical Link-A quarterly journal dedicated to interpreting in the social, health care and legal sectors. Issue 1, Jan.2003. (pp20-24)
Hale, S. (2001). The complexities of the bilingual courtroom. Law Society Journal (July 2001). Pp. 68-72.
Hale, S. & Luzardo, C. (1997) "What am I expected to do? The Interpreter's ethical dilemma. A study of Arabic, Spanish and Vietnamese speakers" Antipodean. The Australian Translation Journal 1, 10 (1996) pp.10-16.
Hale, S. (1997). "Interpreting Politeness in Court. A study of Spanish-English interpreted proceedings" In Campbell, S. & Hale, S. (Eds) Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Macarthur Interpreting and Translation Conference "Research, Training and Practice" Milperra: UWS Macarthur/LARC.
Hale, S. (1996) "You shall truly and faithfully interpret the evidence. What does this mean to the court interpreter." In XIV World Congress of the Fédération Internationale des Traducteurs (FIT) Proceedings, Vol. 1. pp 424-431.
Hale, S. (1996) The world of interpreting and translation comes to Australia. Migration Action vol.XVIII, no. 1, May 1996 pp 34-36.
Hale, S. (1995) "All those problems that bilinguals have": Codeswitching and the Bilingual's attitude. Canberra: Australian National University. (ERICDocument Reproduction Service No. ED 407 836)
Hale, S. (1993) A University's approach to the Interpreting / Translation profession. In Barthel, A (Ed.) (1993) Cultural Diversity and Higher Education: has it made a difference? Should it make a difference? Conference Proceedings Sydney: University of Technology.
NON REFEREED BOOKS
The Law Society of NSW (1996) Guide to best practice. Lawyers Interpreters Translators Sydney: The Law Foundation of NSW. (Contributing author).
Hale, S. (1996) Bilingual Encounters. A practical resource for educators and students of interpreting. Sydney: LARC, UWS Macarthur Printer.
Hale, S. (1994) Exercise Dialogue Book - Legal situations UWS-Macarthur.
Hale, S. (1994) Exercise Dialogue Book - Police situations UWS-Macarthur.
Hale, S. (1994) Exercise Dialogue Book - Medical situations UWS-Macarthur.
Awards, Conferences and Research Interests
Awards and Recognition
Early Career Researcher Award, UWS Macarthur.
PhD dean's and vice-chancellor's commendation for academic excellence, Macquarie University
Vice-Chancellor's Excellence Award (commended) for University Engagement, UWS
Learning and Teaching Interests
Interpreting, Translation, Linguistics, Discourse studies, Pragmatics, the language of the law, research methods
Research Interests
A/Prof. Hale has conducted research into a number of areas relating to Interpreting and Translation. Her main area of specialisation has been the discourse of courtroom language and of court interpreting, with particular interest in the assessment of accuracy. Other areas include: community interpreting in general, translation difficulty and assessment.
Conferences
2007, The Critical Link 5 - Quality in Interpreting: a shared responsibility. International conference on interpreting in law, health and welfare settings. Parramatta, Australia. Organised by UWS, with Sandra Hale as the chair of the organising committee.
2005, International conference on public service interpreting, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. Sandra Hale was an invited plenary speaker.
2004, Language and linguistics serving the community. Practical and professional challenges. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Sandra Hale was an invited plenary speaker.
2003, Fourth international conference of the International Association of Forensic Linguists.
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